Lessons 63 and 64
SUMMARY Resumen
Resumen de los puntos básicos incluidos en estas dos lecciones.
Cómo preguntar si puede ver a alguien.
Can I see the manager?
He's out.
Perhaps I can help.
What's it about?
I'm in charge at the moment.
I wanted to talk to the manager about deliveries.
Cómo declinar responsabilidad.
It's nothing to do with me.
It's not my fault.
Don't blame me.
I'm not the boss.
Como ponerse al corriente.
How's your leg?
It's a lot better.
When are they taking the plaster off?
Tomorrow, I hope.
Next week.
My broken leg hasn't stopped me working.
How's the perfume business?
We've sold a lot of perfume.
Viajar
I've been to Tokyo.
I was there last week.
Vocabulario
Ausente
out
(not) in
away
abroad
Términos comerciales
delivery
discount
price
invoice
Curas
plaster
bandage
dressing
Tiempo
yesterday
tomorrow
next
last
week
month
year
Ciudades
Tokyo
Peking
Moscow
New York
Países
Japan
China
Russia
America
Verbos
stop stopped stopped;
sell sold sold;
be was/were been.
LANGUAGE REVIEW Repaso gramatical
El pretérito perfecto
El pretérito perfecto se forma con el Participio
del verbo y con has o have. El Participio de los verbos regulares se forma añadiendo -ed, y es igual que el pasado.
want wanted wanted
El Participio de los verbos irregulares se forma de diversas maneras irregulares.
break broke broken
go went gone
FORMA AFIRMATIVA
I have (I've) + Participio
You have (You've) + Participio
He/She/It has (He's) + Participio
We have (We've) + Participio
You have (You've) + Participio
They have (They've) + Participio
FORMA INTERROGATIVA
Have I + Participio?
Have you + Participio?
Has he + Participio?
Have we + Participio?
Hace you + Participio?
Have they + Participio?
FORMA NEGATIVA
I have not (haven't) + Participio
You have not (haven't) + Participio
He has not (hasn't) + Participio
We have not (haven't) + Participio
You have not (haven't) + Participio
They have not (haven't) + Participio
Utilice este tiempo
a) Cuando la consecuencia de lo ocurrido es todavía importante en el presente.
PRETERITO PERFECTO:
I have broken my leg
Me he roto una pierna (Mira, está escayolada) PASADO:
I broke my leg
Me rompi la pierna (quizá hace años)
b) Cuando algo que ha sido cierto en el pasado continúa siendo cierto en el presente.
PRETERITO PERFECTO:
I have always wanted to be a writer
Siempre he querido ser escritor (y todavía quiero).
PASADO
I always wanted to be a writer
Siempre quise ser escritor (pero he cambiado de opinion)
c) Cuando algo que ocurrió en el pasado es relevante en el presente
PRETERITO PERFECTO
I have been to Japan
He estado en Japón (por eso sé del Japón).
PASADO:
I was in Japan in 1982
Estuve en Japón en 1982 (información general).
Soluciones a los ejercicios
Páginas 181 y 182
a) Deliveries are nothing to do with Mr Hart.
Mrs Toms is in charge of deliveries.
b) Discounts are nothing to do with me.
Mrs Toms is in charge of discounts.
c) Bills are nothing to do with Mrs Toms.
Mr Hart is in charge of bills.
d) Invoices are nothing to do with me.
Mr Hart is in charge of invoices.
2
a) It isn't her fault.
Don't blame her.
b) It isn't their fault.
Don't blame them
c) It isn't our fault.
It isn't his fault.
d) Don't blame us.
Don't blame him
3
about
found
lousy
would
could
hour
our
you
counter
house
ought
hour
discount
favourite
should
enough
journalist
thousand
Páginas 188 y 189
1
a) No, he hasn't.
He's going there next Friday.
b) Yes, he has.
He was there last week.
c) Yes, he has.
He was there three days ago.
d) No, he hasn't.
He's.going there next week.
e) Yes, he has.
He was there yesterday.
2
a) They can't stop me talking.
b) They can't stop me coming in.
c) They can't stop me playing football (here).
d) They can't stop me turning left.
e) They can't stop me opening it (O this door).
Soluciones al control
a)He wants to talk to the manag
b) Don't blame him.
c) He's the boss.
d) He's away.
e) last
f) with
9) to
h) about
i) of
j) at
k) next
l) off
m) We have sold perfurme in Tokio.
n) He has been there.
o) They have stopped me working.
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